Periodontics

What is Periodontics?

Periodontics is the branch of dentistry that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the gums (gingiva) and other supporting structures of the teeth, including:

• Cementum: The layer covering the tooth root.
• Periodontal Ligament: The soft tissue connecting the tooth root to the jawbone.
• Alveolar Bone: The part of the jawbone that supports the teeth.

Common Periodontal Diseases

1. Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums, often the earliest stage of gum disease.
2. Periodontitis: Chronic and progressive degeneration of the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone.

Causes of Periodontal Diseases

Periodontal infections are caused by bacteria in the mouth, which accumulate in plaque due to poor oral hygiene. Other contributing factors include:

• Oral habits: Thumb sucking, mouth breathing, and improper brushing techniques.
• Lifestyle choices: Smoking and unhealthy eating habits.
• Medical conditions: Diabetes, hypertension, hormonal changes (e.g., during pregnancy, menopause, or puberty), mental health conditions, and blood disorders.
• Other factors: Advanced age, family history, and malnutrition.

Symptoms of Periodontal Diseases

Periodontal disease progresses slowly, often with mild symptoms initially. Early signs include occasional bleeding gums, which are easy to overlook. As the disease advances, symptoms may include:

• Persistent bleeding gums.
• Loose or shifting teeth.
• Increased spacing between teeth.
• Pain in severe cases.

Treatment success depends on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis.

Stages and Treatments

1. Early Stage:
   • Treatment: One or two sessions of scaling (professional cleaning) and polishing, combined with improved oral hygiene practices.
2. Moderate Stage:
   • Treatment: Deep scaling, also known as gingival curettage, to remove plaque and promote healing of surrounding tissues.
3. Advanced Stage:
   • Treatment: Surgical interventions, along with scaling and polishing, are required to restore gum health.
4. Terminal Stage:
   • Treatment: When the disease has severely damaged the gums and bone, tooth removal followed by dental implants or dentures may be the only option.

Periodontal Surgical Procedures Offered

• Gingivectomy: Surgical removal of enlarged or defective gum tissue, performed under local anesthesia.
• Flap Surgery: Removal of gum layers to access and clean tooth roots, performed under local anesthesia.
• Periodontal Bone Grafting: Restores alveolar bone loss by grafting new bone tissue.
• Guided Tissue Regeneration: Promotes bone growth using artificial barrier materials.
• Mucogingival Surgery: Enhances the aesthetics of the gums and improves overall oral appearance.

Prevention is Key

Periodontal diseases can often be prevented with proper oral hygiene and regular dental visits. Brushing twice daily, flossing, and scheduling a dental check-up every six months can go a long way in maintaining healthy gums and teeth.

If you’ve been putting off a visit to the dentist, don’t delay any longer. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to preserving your smile and oral health. Book your appointment with us today!

Our dedicated team of specialists, doctors, and technicians is fully equipped to provide comprehensive care for all your periodontal needs. Below, we outline common gum-related diseases and the treatments we offer.